With the continuous development of bridge technology and the continuous improvement of people's aesthetic requirements in China, various novel bridges have been designed and constructed. It is necessary to establish a health monitoring system for long-span bridges. In this paper, combined with the mechanical characteristics, vibration characteristics and vulnerable parts of the half through wind-free braced bowstring arch bridge, the hardware layout scheme of the monitoring system is designed. This monitoring system includes the hardware layout, data acquisition, data transmission, data storage, state evaluation and early warning information release. Based on the data collected by the monitoring system, the technical status of the bridge can be analyzed, which can provide reference for the design and monitoring of similar bridges.